43. Multiply Strings

题目

Given two non-negative integers num1 and num2 represented as strings, return the product of num1 and num2, also represented as a string.

Note: You must not use any built-in BigInteger library or convert the inputs to integer directly.

Example 1:

Input: num1 = "2", num2 = "3"
Output: "6"

Example 2:

Input: num1 = "123", num2 = "456"
Output: "56088"

Constraints:

• 1 <= num1.length, num2.length <= 200
• num1 and num2 consist of digits only.
• Both num1 and num2 do not contain any leading zero, except the number 0 itself.

题目大意

给定两个以字符串形式表示的非负整数 num1 和 num2，返回 num1 和 num2 的乘积，它们的乘积也表示为字符串形式。

解题思路

• 用数组模拟乘法。创建一个数组长度为 len(num1) + len(num2) 的数组用于存储乘积。对于任意 0 ≤ i < len(num1)，0 ≤ j < len(num2)，num1[i] * num2[j] 的结果位于 tmp[i+j+1]，如果 tmp[i+j+1]≥10，则将进位部分加到 tmp[i+j]。最后，将数组 tmp 转成字符串，如果最高位是 0 则舍弃最高位。

代码

package leetcode

func multiply(num1 string, num2 string) string {
	if num1 == "0" || num2 == "0" {
		return "0"
	}
	b1, b2, tmp := []byte(num1), []byte(num2), make([]int, len(num1)+len(num2))
	for i := 0; i < len(b1); i++ {
		for j := 0; j < len(b2); j++ {
			tmp[i+j+1] += int(b1[i]-'0') * int(b2[j]-'0')
		}
	}
	for i := len(tmp) - 1; i > 0; i-- {
		tmp[i-1] += tmp[i] / 10
		tmp[i] = tmp[i] % 10
	}
	if tmp[0] == 0 {
		tmp = tmp[1:]
	}
	res := make([]byte, len(tmp))
	for i := 0; i < len(tmp); i++ {
		res[i] = '0' + byte(tmp[i])
	}
	return string(res)
}

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